Organizational Culture Essay

Authoritative Culture has been portrayed as the mutual qualities, standards, customs, and methods of doing things that impact the manner in which hierarchical individuals act. In many associations, these common qualities and practices have developed after some time and decide, toa a huge degree, how things are done in the association. This definition keeps on clarifying hierarchical qualities, depicted as â€Å"beliefs and thoughts regarding what sorts of objectives individuals from an association should seek after and thoughts regarding the suitable sorts or principles of conduct authoritative individuals should use to accomplish these objectives. From authoritative qualities create hierarchical standards, rules, or desires that endorse fitting sorts of conduct by workers specifically circumstances and control the conduct of hierarchical individuals towards each other. † The meaning of culture suggests three things. The way of life is ‘perspective’, ‘descriptive’ lastly ‘shared’ inside the association. Exploration proposes that there are seven measurements that depict and organization’s culture. Every one of the seven measurements (appeared in display 1) territories from low to high, which means it isn't extremely run of the mill of the way of life (low) or is normal of the way of life (high). The seven elements of culture are: Attention to Detail. Result Orientation. Individuals Orientation. Group Orientation. Forcefulness. Security. Advancement and Risk Taking. The way of life of an association can either be Strong or Weak. The way of life, here and there impact the employees’ practices and activities. Solid Culture is said to exist where staff react to improvement on account of their arrangement to authoritative qualities. In such situations, solid societies assist firms with working like very much oiled machines, cruising alongside exceptional execution and maybe minor tweaking of existing strategies to a great extent. Examination shows that solid societies are those in which the key qualities are profoundly held and broadly shared and affect representatives than do more vulnerable societies. A â€Å"Strong† culture might be particularly helpful to firms working in the administration division since individuals from these associations are answerable for conveying the administration and for assessments significant constituents make about firms. Examination demonstrates that associations may get the accompanying advantages from creating solid and profitable societies: †¢Better adjusting the organization towards accomplishing its vision, crucial, objectives †¢High worker inspiration and dedication †¢Increased group cohesiveness among the company’s different offices and divisions. †¢Promoting consistency and empowering coordination and control inside the organization †¢Shaping worker conduct at work, empowering the association to be progressively productive. Notwithstanding, in a solid culture, individuals do things since they trust it is the proper activity, this regularly makes a state where individuals, regardless of whether they have various thoughts, don't challenge hierarchical reasoning, in this manner, bringing about a diminished limit with regards to imaginative musings. Most associations have moderate to solid societies; that is, there is generally high concession to what’s significant, what characterizes â€Å"good† representative conduct, the stuff to excel, etc. Be that as it may, it is additionally essential to see what a more fragile culture in an association may yield at: An organization’s culture is regularly settled by its top chiefs and it begins at the determination procedure. For example, during the worker determination process, administrators regularly judge work competitors hands on prerequisites as well as on how well they may fit into the association. Further to that, the hazard taking craving and contemptuousness to its rivals by the top directors clears the development and activity of an association.

Full Disclosure Essay

Bookkeeping is a data framework that distinguishes, records, and conveys the monetary occasions of an association to intrigued users† (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2007). Data that is pertinent and essential to clients ought to be uncovered; tragically, some data can't be evaluated through money related information. Certain information can't be remembered for the organization’s budget reports. The complete honesty standard clarifies how organizations handle circumstances that can't be clarified in numerical terms yet ought to be uncovered to the contributing open. This paper will clarify what is the complete honesty guideline in bookkeeping and why has revelation expanded significantly over the most recent 10 years. This paper will likewise address why complete honesty is required and what potential outcomes may happen if organizations don't follow these standards. What is Full Disclosure?†The total honesty standard calls for budgetary revealing of any money related realities sufficiently huge to impact the judgment of an educated reader† (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2007, p. 1282). For instance, certain money related data doesn't straightforwardly impact explicit diary accounts. In any case, these money related occasions may impact the eventual fate of the company’s or may impact how speculators see the budgetary solidness of the organization. For instance, a prominent progressing claim may cause emotional limitations on the company’s liabilities and resources if the organization must compensation high case charges and settlements. This sort of data hugy affects how stable the organization appears. Shockingly, it won't be expressed in the fiscal reports since the case has not been settled. As indicated by the total honesty guideline, the organization ought to reveal this sort of data in the notes of the fiscal summaries. This sort of data impacts how speculators rate the company’s monetary security and key future despite the fact that the organization has not settled the case yet. Total honesty additionally checks fake bookkeeping acts that can be concealed or precluded from budget reports. Why Full Disclosure Increased Substantially in the Last 10 Years?The complete honesty standard has generously expanded inside the most recent 10 years because of a few reasons. One reason is because of the wake of shaky sheet financing made open by the Enron embarrassment (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2007). Fake bookkeeping acts put on the map by the Enron outrage has incited the business to fortify this rule. Therefore, the SEC required an extended revelation so as to guarantee that organizations are uncovering all important data. By uncovering data that may influence clients, organizations agree to the expanded revealing necessities as of late made by the bookkeeping calling. It additionally powers organizations to unveil data that has the capability of having tremendous monetary outcomes to the business. In addition, the multifaceted nature of the business condition, and the requirement for auspicious data has expanded the requirement for total honesty also. Thus, the SEC upheld the complete honesty standard all the more completely to help screen and control business associations (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2007). Why is Full Disclosure Needed?The Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) and people in general have both required the need to unveil precise money related data that expresses every single legally binding commitment and liabilities must be accounted for. At the end of the day, complete honesty is expected to guarantee that associations are unveiling the entirety of the essential data to support financial specialists, loan bosses, and the open settle on better and more shrewd choices with respect to their organizations. Complete honesty is likewise expected to guarantee that organizations don't submit deceitful exercises like the exercises that were submitted inside the Enron association. Total honesty likewise assists speculators with deciding whether an organization is as steady as the fiscal reports have all the earmarks of being. Conceivable ConsequencesFailing to unveil things in budget reports can have a few potential results. The Enron outrage shows how organization administrators can be held at risk for false action. Criminal and common liabilities may happen if officials neglect to unveil budgetary data that may deceive financial specialists. Another result is losing open trust if an association is gotten not uncovering appropriate data. An organization may lose high popular supposition if investors are persuaded that the organization was more gainful than what was really happening. Besides, an organization will be unable to recoup from awful press, case expenses, and government fines whenever got not completely unveiling budgetary data. The Sarbanes Oxley Act strengthens the outcomes and disciplines of not completely revealing money related data. The principle objective of this demonstration centers around stopping fake acts and eliminating poor announcing rehearses. Chiefs and CFOs are held by and by subject for the precision of budget reports; a relinquish of the CEO’s rewards or organization benefits might be retained if bookkeeping repetitions are made too (Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield, 2007). Autonomous evaluators must be utilized to guarantee that precise data is uncovered also. End The complete honesty guideline guarantees that important and helpful money related data is accounted for precisely to general society. Fake bookkeeping action has called for stricter translations of this guideline since criminal, common, and SEC infringement may happen if total honesty isn't followed. The Sarbanes Oxley Act features the outcomes of not completely revealing data. These exacting rules show how the legislature has reacted to bookkeeping exercises that endeavor to shroud certain money related exercises. Bookkeeping supervisors must know about the uplifted requirement for completely revealing a wide range of budgetary occasions or data that may influence the investor’s perspective on the monetary strength of an organization. References Weygandt J., Kieso D., and Kimmel, P. (2007) Financial Accounting and Accounting Standards. Middle of the road Accounting (twelfth version). Kieso D., Weygandt J., and Warfield T. (2007). To be completely honest. Middle of the road Accounting (twelfth release).

How to Write the Boston College Supplement 2018-2019 TKG

How to Write the Boston College Supplement 2018-2019 Boston College is a private, Jesuit university, as well as a research university, located in Boston’s Chestnut Hill neighborhood. The school has a 31% acceptance rate last year. This year’s supplement allows students to choose from four prompts.We would like to get a better sense of you. Please respond to one of the following prompts. (400 word limit)Great art evokes a sense of wonder. It nourishes the mind and spirit. Is there a particular song, poem, speech, or novel from which you have drawn insight or inspiration? Like most supplement questions that ask you to identify a favorite piece of literature or art, the purpose of this question is to get students to demonstrate a part of their personality. It’s kind of like if you see a therapist and the therapist says, “where do you want to begin?” Wherever you choose is indicative of something about your thought process.If you play a lot of sports, you don’t want to talk about the speech that Abby Wambach gave at Barnard com mencement. It’s too cliche. Instead, your objective should be to exude passion.  If we were answering this question, we would talk about how “Red and Black” from Les Miserables (a song about revolution) is one of our writers’ anthems and how it always motivates her to spend a few minutes each week writing letters to her congressman, something she promised herself she would do after the election.If you can’t write about something and exude passion, don’t choose this question.When you choose a college, you will join a new community of people who have different backgrounds, experiences, and stories. What is it about your background, your experiences, or your story, that will enrich Boston College’s community?We have seen more questions like this in 2018 than in any other year and we wonder why?!!A lot of these universities are trying to emphasize “difference” as a utility or a positive attribute. We think that’s great…in theory. But we also feel that’s kind of a PR stunt, and one that could be a bit uncomfortable to write about. It just feels a little inauthentic for colleges to be over the top with enthusiasm for Diversity while also asking kids who have, perhaps, felt a little different in some way their whole lives to take about those differences on a superficial level.We like the first question a lot better than this one. However, if you do choose this question, pick a simple story that brings the reader into your life. It does not and should not be complex or an attempt to be profound.Boston College strives to provide an undergraduate learning experience emphasizing the liberal arts, quality teaching, personal information, and engagement of critical issues. If you had the opportunity to create your own college course, what enduring question or contemporary problem would you address and why?This is a fun and unusual one. First, take note: 400 words is a lot, so make sure you like this question if you plan to answer it. Start by picking an issue you’re passionate about. Maybe it’s the prison-industrial complex or perhaps, the beef industry and climate change.Something kids don’t often know about until they get to college is the fact that each course offers a full course description, usually a two-paragraph blurb, and an accompanying syllabus that allows students to see what the course will be like week after week, as well as the vibe of the professor teaching it. Look around at some of these descriptions and syllabi.We want you to create your own syllabus, based on the styles of those you see in your research.   Pick a title for your course like, for example, “Economics 500: Why African Americans Deserve Reparations.” Next, detail the course in a two or three paragraph description, and then, create a syllabus.We think this makes for a unique touch that will set you apart from most of your competition. It not only demonstrates creativity and passion, but it also makes for a memorable response.Jesuit educa tion considers the liberal arts a pathway to intellectual growth and character formation. What beliefs and values inform your decisions and actions today, and how will Boston College assist you in becoming a person who thinks and acts for the common good? In terms of creativity, this question is the most opportune, but it’s really not our favorite. If you must choose this one, start by picking a value or belief. Next, pick a story that demonstrates said value or belief. The second half of the essay should tie in BC. We really hope you choose questions one or three, especially three. If you spend a few hours looking at course offerings, you could put together something great.Need some help deciding which extracurriculars to do? Reach out to us here. We offer a holistic service that helps students with every aspect of their applications.

The Immortality of Abortion - 3138 Words

The Immorality of Abortion Abortion is one of the most controversial political and social issues in the world. The abortion issue is very complex and involves several aspects of political, religion, medical, and social beliefs and contingencies. At what stage human life begins is one of the main arguments of abortion between the pro-choice advocates and the pro-life advocates. The morality of abortion is even more complex than abortion itself. Abortion is immoral and may be considered as murder. The legal argument in the abortion issue revolves around whether a fetus is alive at conception or birth and whose rights, the womans rights or the fetus rights, are being infringed. Pro-choice advocates argue that a fetus is not alive thus†¦show more content†¦They often quote the Mosaic Law which they translate to say that a fetus is not a human being. The pro-choice advocates believe that the Bible decimates innocent babies, children, and pregnant women throughout numerous passages. They claim that their deity is far from being pro-life. The pro-choice advocates believe the separation of church and state, the right to privacy, and womens rights as a whole all demand freedom of choice, thus abortion should be the womans choice and should be considered as a moral decision. Pro-life advocates lean toward the Churchs beliefs and translations of the Bible. According to many Christians, abortion is immoral and goes against the word of God. I call heaven and earth to record this day against you, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and cursing: therefore choose life, that both thou and thy seed may live. (Deuteronomy 30:19) The Vatican views abortion to be evil and immoral. The Vatican has imposed their views on America by lobbying for new anti-abortion laws and regulations. The Church insists on being the sole arbiter of what is moral. Most Americans look to democratic process to determine morality. (Mumford, 2000, p 3) In 1966, the Vatican Council II wrote the Pastoral Constitution on the church in the Modern World which included in part two of theShow MoreRelatedWhich Is More Immoral?744 Words   |  3 Pages Which is More Immoral? According to Don Marquis, it would be immoral for Jane to go through with the abortion. Marquis argues that abortion, except in exceptional situations, is immoral not because of the effects that it will have on the family or friends of the victim, but the victim itself. An abortion will take away any future experiences of the victim and that would be the greatest loss an individual can suffer. Many would argue against Marquis and say that because a fetus cannot value theirRead MoreSince the foundation of morality, people have always lived their life by code. A code that suggests1200 Words   |  5 Pagesgenerally similar moral teachings on a number of moral issues, including; abortion, homosexuality and life after death. Although they have subtle differences, the moral teachings of abortion, homosexuality and life after death in Judaism and Buddhism are fundamentally the same. It is morally taught throughout Judaism that abortion is not forbidden, but expected to be considered only in serious conditions. When considering an abortion, the Jewish law requires the mother to consult and discuss with aRead More Embryonic vs. Adult Stem Cells in Research Essay1615 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent types of tissues. (In a culture dish, the cells can be coaxed into becoming muscle, cartilage, bone, liver, or different types of neurons in the brain.) They are also malleable, meaning they can do so relatively easily. They also exhibit the immortality valued in embryonic cells, that is to say, they seem capable of being transformed into cell lines that can be maintained indefinitely. At the same time, these adult cells do not appear to present the acute danger associated with embryonic stemRead MoreMary Shelley Is The Author Of The Famed Novel Frankenstein.1495 Words   |  6 Pageshad done nothing against him but still accepting to marry him as if he hadn’t ac ted unfairly towards her. One of Wollstonecraft’s other beliefs is that abortion was a horrible effect of male’s oppression of women. She also said that abortion was an effect that silenced women and caused their lack of education. Shelley used the concept of abortion in the novel by using the disgust of the monster. Victor is considered the â€Å"mother† to the monster. He develops symptoms of a risky and unhealthy pregnancyRead Morequot;Sex Without Love:quot;by Sharon Olds Essay600 Words   |  3 Pageswith persistent courage. Sex Without Love, by Sharon Olds passionately describes the authors disgust for casual sex and her attitude toward loveless sex as a cold and harmful act. She brilliantly uses various poetic techniques to animate the immortality of loveless sex through her words and her great description evoke clear image in the reader mind. One of the characteristics of Sharon Olds poems is she likes to focus on bodily experience. And inside this poem, Sharon Olds frequently uses similesRead MorePremarital Sex1646 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the Bible there is a distinction between  premarital sex and adultery. â€Å"Adultery involves married persons while premarital sex involves those who are  unmarried. Premarital Sex is just as much as sin as adultery and  all other forms of sexual immortality. They all involve having sexual relations with someone you are  not married to† (Premarital Sex, 2009). Is it physically and emotionally safe?   People don’t usually consider the physical and emotional  effects of premarital sex. Safety is one thingRead More Embryonic Wars Essay1634 Words   |  7 Pagestherapeutic cloning research which have to be weighed before we assess where the debate is currently at. Doctors lay well founded expectations that by being able to study the multiple embryos developed through cloning, the causes of disastrous spontaneous abortions can be determined and much human loss can be averted. A greatly viable application lies in the field of clinical contraceptives. Leading contraceptive specialists perceive that if they can determine the manner in which an embryo knows where to implantRead MoreSusan B. Anthony and the Fight For Equality Essay1329 Words   |  6 Pagesmen, their rights and nothing more; women, their rights and nothing less. (New World Encyclopedia) Opposed to women’s rights today, Susan opposed abortion, and saw it as a unsanitary, life threatening procedure that men decided for women. Due to the lack of other contraceptives and proper health care, women were put in grave danger because of abortion, and Anthony thought it was wrong for this type of potential harm to women to even exsist. Her contributions to the women’s cause are endless. StantonRead MoreResponsibility and The Dangers of Science in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley1110 Words   |  5 Pagesthe one who actually killed her. Who knows what might have happened had Victor taken care of the creature like he should have. It could have lead to many different kinds of new studies and discoveries about human life and death. The recipe for immortality could have been discovered and no one would have to suffer at all. Another part of this theme is the dangers of science. Victor knew that he was getting into a territory that had not yet been mapped. There were no other scientists who did anythingRead MoreDominion of Death1106 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom pneumonia right before Christmas 1952 (dylanthomas.org). Soon after in the first months of 1953 his sister died from liver cancer, one of his patrons took an overdose of sleeping pills, three friends died at an early age and Caitlin had another abortion (bbc.wales.co.uk). Towards the end of his life, Dylan Thomas became an intolerable drunk and separated from his wife. With a deteriorating health due to consumption of so much alcohol, Dylan Thomas died on November 9th, 1953, after complaining about

Danielle Steels New Book Releases

Danielle Steel is one of the most prolific authors in the world. She is best known for romance novels  but has also written nonfiction and childrens books. The books listed here are Steels newest novels. If you want to check out her other books, you can find information about everything she has written on the Danielle Steel website. Danielle Steels Book Releases in 2016 and 2017 March 2017 - Dangerous Games.   Follow TV correspondent Alix Phillips as she reports important news from dangerous riots in America to protests in Tehran. When her assignment turns to investigating the Vice President of the United States, threats begin and stakes rise.2017 -   The Mistress.  The Mistress centers around a young woman who is rescued from the streets of Moscow by a Russian billionaire. She lives under his protection and is unfailingly loyal to him. The book frequents Paris, London, the Riviera and Moscow and immerses readers in a tale of vast wealth, courage and cruelty, as the characters approach an inevitable collision.2016 - The Award.  The Award follows the life of young Gaelle de Barbet, who is 16 years old when the German army occupies France in 1940. Following the death of her father and brother at the hands of the Germans, and her mothers descent into madness, Gaelle joins the French Resistance, at great personal cost. Years later, Gaelles path eventuall y leads to the Legion of Honor Medal.2016 - Rushing Waters.  Set amid a catastrophe and its aftermath, Rushing Waters chronicles the experiences of characters who are thrown together by Hurricane Ophelia as it approaches New York City and the subsequent horrific flooding. Follow the exploits of an interior designer, a British investment banker, an ER doctor and two NYU students as their lives change in a second.2016 -   Magic.  Magic starts in Paris at the annual White Dinner outside a spectacular landmark that changes each year. The dinner is accessible only by secret invitation, and all guests dress in white. The book follows the experiences of a group of close friends who attended the White Dinner as they travel around the globe during a year of heartbreak and success.2016 - The Apartment.  Four young women come together by chance to share a spacious loft apartment in New York City. Over a span of years, the women share life in the apartment and become a family of friends , supporting one another through trying times and celebrating individual successes.2016 - Property of a Noblewoman.  A law clerk at surrogates court and a fine arts expert for Christies auction house are drawn together to unravel a mystery launched by an abandoned safe deposit box in a New York City bank. Through their efforts, the life of the owner is reconstructed as they follow clues from New York to London, Paris, Rome and Naples. Eventually, the womans legacy is honored and transforms lives long after she is gone.2016 - Blue.  Ginny Carter is an on-air reporter who has it all with her husband and young son are killed in a car accident. She becomes a human rights worker in New York where she meets a homeless boy named Blue on the anniversary of her familys tragedy. Thirteen-year-old Blue changes her life. Steel has been a bestselling author for more than four decades, so you can easily find copies of her books.

I Am Looking At Where Psychology As A Discipline - 1361 Words

History of Psychology In this essay I am looking at where Psychology as a discipline has come from and what affects these early ideas have had on psychology today, Psychology as a whole has stemmed from a number of different areas of study from Physics to Biology, But the first Psychological foundations are rooted in philosophy, which to this day propels psychological inquiry in areas such as language acquisition, consciousness, and even vision among many others. While the great philosophical distinction between mind and body in western thought can be traced to the Greeks, it is to the influential work of Renà © Descartes, French mathematician, philosopher, and physiologist, that we owe the first systematic account of the mind/body†¦show more content†¦Wundt stressed the use of scientific methods in psychology, particularly through the use of introspection. In 1875, a room was set-aside for Wundt for demonstrations in what we now call sensation and perception. This is the same year that William James set up a similar lab at Harvard. Wilhelm Wundt and William James are usually thought of as the fathers of psychology, as well as the founders of psychology?s first two great ?schools? Structuralism and Functionalism. Psychologist Edward B Titchner said; ?to study the brain and the unconscious we should break it into its structural elements, after that we can construct it into a whole and understand what it does.? (psicafe.com) Functionalism, an early school of psychology, focuses on the acts and functions of the mind rather than its internal contents. Its most prominent American advocate is William James. William James is the author of ?The Principles of Psychology? a book that is considered to be one of the most important texts in modern psychology. The subject matter of psychology is consciousness and it maybe understood in terms of what it is (structure), or in terms of what it does (function).? (Benjafield, 1996, p.123) The psychodynamic approach focuses largely on the role of motivation and past experiences in the development of personality and behaviour. In 1986 the founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, introduced the term in a scholarly paper.

Thinking Skills and Problem Solving

Question: Discuss about the Thinking Skills and Problem Solving. Answer: Introduction: The idea of critical thinking can be identified as the ability to think clearly and rationally about the ways to dealing with a particular problem situation. The purpose of the critical thinking is mainly the exploration of the most logical approach to address a particular problem, depending on the resource and knowledge base (Kong Dong, 2013). Critical thinking requires evaluation and improvement of the established thought process and creates a logical solution for a situational problem. As discussed by Jackson (2015), by identifying the causes of the situational contingencies, the critical thinking process helps in eliminating those causes and thus resolves the issues. It can be identified as the most important skill for job success. As mentioned by McPeck (2016), in the modern workplaces which is continuously becoming complex combined with competition and threat of recession, it is important for the employees to opt for critical thinking to eliminating the issues like work relate d stress and disrupted work life balance. One of the major frameworks for critical thinking is the Cause and Effect diagram. By identifying the factors related to the set units of this diagram, one can identify all the influential factors of a certain problem situation. As mentioned by Wong, Woo, Woo (2016), the cause and effect diagram helps in recognising all inclusive picture of a certain problem. Here, in the context of this essay, disrupted work life balance has been identified as a problem situation in Malaysia. The idea of work life balance can be identified as the division of ones time and concentration between his professional and the familial life. As mentioned by Babatunde (2013), the lack of personal time and space and increased work load is continuously creating stress among the employees. The issues of work related stresses trigger a number of psychological distresses among the employees. Now, for the successful completion of this essay, the author has used the Cause and Effect diagram for identifying the influential factors those are creating work life stress and disrupting the work life balance. After that the author has provided five relevant recommendations to eliminate the ceases of disrupted work life balance and obtain a relaxing and satisfactory professional filed to the employees of Malaysia. Discussion: Causes: In the modern world of globalization, the professional world is continuously becoming a place of steep competition. It is creating stress among the employees which is decreasing their motivation, health status and in turn jeopardising the potentiality of the economy to grow further. As mentioned by Jamadin et al. (2015), in the Malaysian context, a number of employees are facing the issue of work related stress which is influencing their personal life and impacting their productivity in the professional sector negatively. Hence, maintaining a work life balance is important for both the personal and professional level. As discussed by Dollard et al. (2014), the idea of work life balance can be identified as the perception of employees on work, personal and family time that are maintained and integrated with a minimum of role conflict. However, in the Malaysian context, the mental health problems are affecting the youth to a great extent. As per the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) conducted by the national government of Malaysia the incidence of mental health problem among the age group of twenty to twenty four is more than 32.1 per cent (Mohan Suppareakchaisakul, 2014). However, the major cause of disrupting the work life balance can include a great range of professional, psychological and other issues. As mentioned by Haar et al. (2014), the workplace condition highly influences the state of occupational stress and disrupted work life balance. An adverse workplace condition can include the issues like unrealistic workload. As mentioned by Agarwal (2014), work overload is likely to happen in the cases when the employees are burdened with tasks those are beyond their capabilities. As opined by Shagvaliyeva and Yazdanifard (2014), the issues like, pressure to meet the work demand, lack of realistic deadlines, poor work design, lack of desired knowledge among the workers can be identified as some of the major reasons of work related stress and disruptive work life balance. The cause and effect diagram on the selected strategies: As mentioned by Ennis (2015), the critical thinking techniques largely involve the identification of the root causes behind an issue and suggest ways to resolve them. Here, the cause and effect diagram can be utilized successfully for inclusive identification of the causes or the remedies to collect a certain effect (Wong, Woo Woo, 2016). As discussed by Stefanovic et al. (2014), the cause and effect diagram or the Ishikawa diagram was invented by Kaoru Ishikawa for identifying the causes those are typically influential in creating a certain problem situation. As described by Bowell and Kemp (2014), the causes are usually grouped into five categories to identify these sources of variations. These include: People: the individuals related to the process. Methods: the policies, rules and regulations related to it. Machines: the tools used in the process Materials: the raw materials used Measurements: data generated and used for evaluation Environments: time, temperature, culture etc. Now, depending on this framework, the issues of workplace related stresses can be critically analysed. The people: as discussed earlier, the people related to a competitive workplace often are responsible for their disruptive work life balance. The individuals often strive for perfection and a greater level of material achievement. This drives them to provide an amplified attention towards their professional lives and ignore the importance of the family life or personal space. On the other hand, the lack of personal competency can make the people face increased workload, and issues with time management (Belwal Belwal, 2014). Thus, it can disrupt the work life balance of the Malaysian employees. The methods: As opined by Ibrahim (2015), in Malaysia the companies are now experiencing substantive growth. Hence, most of them are ignoring the importance of employee relaxation during the working hours and beyond. Hence, they are typically following the policy of overtime and massive work load in short deadlines. Moreover, not a many company follows the strategy of providing required level of trainings to their employees (Devi Kiran, 2014). This inefficient human resource policy is creating a range of inefficient and de-motivated employees who are assigned with a bulk of professional responsibilities. Thus the methods are influencing the increasing cases of disrupted work life balance of the Malaysian professionals. Moreover, the issues like harsh management, low salary, lack of welfare services are also influential in creating work related stress and subsequent disrupted work life balance. Machines: The usage of computer is often being accused for the occupational stress among the employees. As mentioned by Kumarasamy et al. (2015), the continuous changes in the technological world compel the employees to repeatedly struggling to adapt to it. Moreover, the lack of technical knowledge creates a threat of structural unemployment among the employees. Thus, the machines used in the modern professional world is creating work stress and disrupting the psychological serenity of the employees. Materials: In the context of this non-communicable disease, the raw materials used in the professional sectors cannot essentially be identified as the influencing factors. However, as discussed by Rubel and Kee (2014), the materials like mobile phones used in the workplaces are most likely to disrupt the work life balance of the employees. In modern companies, the employees are provided with separate numbers in which they have to be available round the clock. It distrusts the right of personal time of the employees and they become vulnerable to the work related concerns even in holidays. Thus, the materials used in the workplaces are engulfing the time of the employees which is making them vulnerable to the occupational stress. Figure 1: Cause and Effect Diagram for disrupted work life balance (Source: Created by the author) Measurement: As mentioned by Kalliath and Kalliath (2014), the workplace monitoring and the policy of performance appraisal in largely influential in creating occupational stress among the employees. In the Malaysian context, not a may company possesses a fair and encouraging appraisal system. As discussed by Achour et al. (2015), the lack of 360 degree feedback system creates a biased or inconclusive performance monitoring pattern. On the other hand, as identified by Dhanda (2017), the KPIs set by the management often ignores the practical and on site challenges those the employees face in meeting an occupational target. Hence, a KPI set by the management without a consultation with the employees, often become impractical to achieve in the given time frame. Thus, a faulty performance measurement system can create stress among the employees. As discussed by Gamor, Amissah and Boakye (2014), the tension of failing the deadline, being reproached by the management for the performance fa ilure, Environment: The idea of environment in identifying the causes of occupational stress can entail a number of issues like culture within the organization, the global or national value base, the timing of work and the leadership and communication pattern within the organization (Agarwal, 2014). Here, in the context of Malaysia, the country is experiencing a significant level of economic boom (Mohan Suppareakchaisakul, 2014). With the integration to the world economy, the country is continuously adopting the philosophy of consumerism. As described by Ibrahim (2015), it has a two faced implication upon the Malaysian society. The consumerist value is increasing the urge of material gain among the individuals and thus it is directing the economy to increased growth level. However, this particular trend it being responsible for increased occupational stress among the employees. They are concentrating on the professional growth and the personal life is being disordered consequently. On the other hand, as mentioned by Juster et al. (2013), the organizational environment is also influential in creating work related stresses among the employees. An organization that follows an autocratic leadership, the employees are not allowed to raise their concerns which promote an ineffective communication channel. As mentioned by Mohan and Suppareakchaisakul (2014), this detrimental organizational environment is largely responsible in creating occupational stress. Thus, the issue of occupational stress is continuously being influenced by a number of factors in Malaysia. Now, for eliminating these issues the following recommendations can be utilized. Steps needed to be taken by the employees: As discussed by Kumarasamy et al. (2015), in the competitive world of domestic and international businesses, achieving a work life balance is challenge but necessity. In the Malaysian context, the issue of work related stress is impacting the psychological status of the employees to a great level, which is continuously decreasing the productivity of the workers (Mohan Suppareakchaisakul, 2014). As mentioned by Agarwal (2014), a disruptive work life balance is more likely to create dissatisfaction with the work, lack of motivation and severely damaged quality of work. It is largely connected to the psychological satisfaction of the employees. Hence, the employees also need to concentrate on the critical thinking processes to identify the strategies to obtain an effective work life balance. For obtaining work life balance, the major responsibility needs to be taken by the employee himself. As mentioned by Kalliath and Kalliath (2014), it is the duty of an individual to be able to divide his time for work and family. Hence, after the completion of the working hour, the employees must not entertain any job related queries. From the employers end, the companies should have a policy of not engaging the employees into the work responsibilities or such other requirements after the schedule hour. An uninterrupted personal time provides a mental relaxation. The companies need to understand the importance of this psychological disengagement from the employees end. As mentioned by Kumarasamy et al. (2015), the companies which are prone to call an employee or assign tasks when he is with his family faces the issues like employee dissatisfaction and high turnover rate. Hence, it is important to the employees to leave the work at office and enjoy an undivided personal time after wor k. Moreover, the employees need to take initiative for improving his professional competencies. With the strategies like occupational trainings, task planning, time management strategies etc. they can manage the work load and obtain a work life balance. Steps related to the method: As mentioned by Mohan and Suppareakchaisakul (2014), in the Malaysian context, two thirds or 67 per cent of workers in Malaysia will consider a career that can strike a balance between life and career more attractive than a fatter pay check. Hence, the employers must concentrate on creating strategies or policies which would be helpful in achieving a work life balance for the employees. Flexibility in the working pattern helps the employees in finding a relaxation even during the working hours. As mentioned by Shagvaliyeva and Yazdanifard (2014), a flexible work environment can include a number of strategies like relaxed dress code, flexible working works, the facility of working from home or the places of the workers preferences and many others can create a sense of satisfaction with the work which positively stimulates the employees psyche and motivate him to provide better quality of service or production. As mentioned by Agarwal (2014), opting for the facility of working from home will be helpful for the employees to strike a good level of work life balance. The major criteria of achieving the work life balance is satisfactorily dividing the time and focus of the employee between the job responsibility and his or her familial life. As discussed by Kalliath and Kalliath (2014), flexibility in the working site provides a scope to the employee to manage his responsibilities according to his preference and availability of time. It can provide an effective work life balance. Moreover, the companies must have leave policies or on site facilities to perform the familial responsibilities like maternal leave, crche for the children etc. Thus, the employees will be able to divide their attention between their families and job responsibilities. As mentioned by Haar et al. (2014), for maintaining employee satisfaction and provide them a significant work life balance, the companies can opt for providing yearly vacations with the family or friends to its employees. A number of internationally successful companies opt for this particular strategy to provide a quality time to their employees with their families. As mentioned by Kumarasamy et al. (2015), it creates a sense of value and commitment among the employees which increases the quality of their production. Steps related to the machines and materials: In the modern competitive world, the professional world is continuously engulfing the time and concentration of the employees. With the increase in the professional competition, a mass craving for materialistic achievements and the integration of the world economy to the global financial world, people are continuously losing their time for the families and themselves. In such a context, the employees need to avoid the usage of the machines like computer, or entertain the job related quarries over mobile phone after the working hour. As discussed by Agarwal (2014), the digital screens are snatching away our precious time which our friends and family deserves. It is important for the individuals to socialize in the world surrounding him which can provide him psychological relaxation and directs them to find a work life balance. The companies also promote this practice by making it compulsory to return the workplace appliances before going home, or providing special facilities to those employees who are being available 24*7 for the company (like one weekly leave or special vacation). Steps related to measurement: As mentioned by Kalliath and Kalliath (2014), employees often find the performance measurement policy as a stress creating factor in their occupational lives. The set KPIs by the management, often compels them work in a pressurised situation to obtain the performance goal. Moreover, as discussed by the expectancy theory of Agarwal (2014), the organizations needs to create an expectation among the employees to obtain a higher position. It drives the companies to set the performance measurement criteria. However, the competition and the comparison with the colleagues may create frustrations among the employees. Hence, it is important for the companies to opt for a performance evaluation system which includes the opinion of the employees. As mentioned by Kumarasamy et al. (2015), the KPIs set by the employees is more likely to be attended by the performers and it creates an inner drive among the employees with less stress to achieve the performance goals. Moreover, the management needs to refrain from reproaching an employee in the case of failure to attend the performance targets. Rather, it would be recommended to send the employees to occupational training sessions. Steps related to environment: The companies need to promote a participative leadership strategy that reduces the employee stress. The management which is open to the opinions and ideas of the employees create organizational policies those are employee oriented (Kumarasamy et al., 2015). Moreover, an open communication channel helps the companies to raise their concerns regarding the job which helps the companies to address the issues with pragmatic steps and provide a less stressful work environment to trhe employees. Thus a relaxing and approachable work life creates psychological satisfaction among the employees, which ensures a better work life balance. On the other hand, to encounter the consumerist values, the companies need to encourage their employees with intangible awards for better performance. Here, the company can provide long holidays or celebrating a family day where the employees will be provided sponsored trips and activities with the family members (Haar et al., 2014). Conclusion: Hence, from the above discussion, it can be concluded that the critical thinking process can provide an all inclusive idea about a certain problem situation. In the Malaysian context, the country is now at the stage of experiencing a good level of economic success which is directing the company to achieve the place of a developed economy. With the increased economic opportunity and a cutthroat competitive financial circumstance, the country is facing an increased number of reported cases of psychological issues among the working youths. The cause and effect diagram has revealed that factors like employee incompetency, the organizational policies, excessive use of mobile and computers, faulty performance evaluation system, leadership, organizational communication and the national value base are some of the causes of this disrupted work life balance,. Hence, the author has recommended a number of steps like employee training, flexible work environment, leave policy etc. for increasing the family involvement of the employees. References: Achour, M., Grine, F., Nor, M. R. M., MohdYusoff, M. Y. Z. (2015). 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